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a formal VET school is established every year, depending on the requirements
from the employers. During the training program, the relationship between the

school, employer and student is established through a contract.

Although the employer has rights related to establishing the training contents,
access to information concerning the results at theoretical training and frequency

at school – it is also carrying most of the responsibilities: from expressing its
interest for hosting a specific number of students each ear, to ensuring qualified
tutors which have to meet different requirements too, provide equipment,

consumables, insurance, ongoing evaluation and a grant equal to that offered to
the students enrolled within non-dual VET. It also ‘has the right’ to organize extra

practical training sessions, to help school equip their technological workshop.
However, they cannot select the students and have to accept those which enrolled

into the classes.

Another condition which makes dual VET less/un-accessible to small companies is
the fact that, for a dual VET class to be approved within a VET school, a minimum
number of 20-30 students is needed. 2 or 3 different qualifications are accepted

into the same class, but with a number of minimum 10 students/qualification.
Therefore, employers who can only receive 1 or 2 students are less probable to get

involved into the system (unless the qualification is a very popular one, with many
employers asking for students or with large employers covering the minimum

numbers).

Although the dual VET system has a great potential and provides benefits to large
employers and VET schools, the smaller companies are confronted to a series of
aspects which are more difficult to overcome.

Excepting from the large multinationals or a few large national companies, the

local industry is mainly formed of microenterprises (up to 9 people), small
companies, individual enterprises and, in some fields, individual or family

enterprises. For those types of employers, although they are more likely to offer the
students a more challenging working environment, with a wider variety of tasks –

hosting an apprentice has also more impact on their activity. For a small company

DELTA (2017-1-UK01-KA202-036810) IO3